Rosia Montana - krajobraz po gorączce złota

À deux kilometres de Rosia Montana, il existe une gigantesque carriere de cuivre a ciel ouvert, la Cariera Rosia Poieni. Dans les annees 1980, le traitement de ses effluents toxiques a cree un desastre ecologique majeur sur lequel se sont appuyes les opposants au projet d’exploitation a grande echelle des filons auriferes de la commune. Ici, une modeste fermiere abreuve ses vaches a proximite de l’usine de traitement du minerai de cuivre. The Transylvanian Carpathian Mountains are known for their rich underground resources. This is particularly true in the commune of Rosia Montana, nestled in the heart of the Apuseni Mountains. Exploited since antiquity by the Romans, its gold veins have never ceased to whet appetites. In 1997, Gabriel Resources (GR), a Canadian company, in joint venture with the Romanian state-owned company Minvest Deva, concluded a twenty-year concession contract with the government. The Canadians planned to extract some 300 tons of gold and 16,000 tons of silver, with an estimated value at the time of $16 billion. This would have made it the largest open-pit gold mine in the world. However, the project quickly ran into a powerful movement of popular opposition in Romania and worldwide. Indeed, GR planned to implement a polluting process, banned in Europe, using some 12,000 tons of cyanide. This involved the construction of a tailings dam that would have flooded the two villages of the commune and displaced their 974 families, divided between supporters and opponents of the project. Opponents highlighted the disappearance of the Daco-Roman site, of great historical and archaeological value, as well as an unfortunate precedent in the neighborhood: an "ecological bomb" linked to the exploitation of a copper quarry. In the mid-1980s, in Geamana, located just 7 km from Rosia Montana, an artificial tailings lake submerged a village of 400 families. Only the church bell tower still emerges from the toxic sludge that