Pro-Palestinian demonstrators hold placards at a demonstration outside the venue where the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) meeting will be held at the NASREC centre in Johannesburg on November 4, 2023. Thousands of civilians, both Palestinians and Israelis, have died since October 7, 2023, after Palestinian Hamas militants based in the Gaza Strip entered southern Israel in an unprecedented attack triggering a war declared by Israel on Hamas with retaliatory bombings on Gaza. (Photo by MARCO LONGARI / AFP)