Science Source ftp Apr 2015

Illustration shows Weatherford of the Creeks submitting to Jackson after the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. The Battle of Horseshoe Bend was fought during the War of 1812 in central Alabama. On March 27, 1814, United States forces and Indian allies under Colonel Andrew Jackson defeated the Red Sticks, a part of the Creek Indian tribe who opposed American expansion. The battle raged for over five hours. Roughly 550 Red Sticks were killed on the field, while many of the rest were killed trying to cross the river. William Weatherford, also known as Lamochattee (Red Eagle) by the Creek (1765-1824), was a Creek (Muscogee) chief of the Upper Towns who led the Red Sticks' offensive in the Creek War (1813-1814) against the United States. Weatherford was of mixed Creek, French and Scots ancestry. After the war, he rebuilt his wealth as a slaveholding planter in lower Monroe County, Alabama. Andrew Jackson (1767-1845) was the seventh President of the United States (1829-1837). A polarizing figure who dominated the Second Party System in the 1820s and 1830s, as president he destroyed the national bank and relocated most Indian tribes from the Southeast to west of the Mississippi River. The 1830-1850 period later became known as the era of Jacksonian democracy. Jackson supported a small and limited federal government. He strengthened the power of the presidency, which he saw as spokesman for the entire population. Jackson was nicknamed "Old Hickory". He died at The Hermitage on June 8, 1845, at the age of 78, of chronic tuberculosis, dropsy, and heart failure.